Dyslexia Causes: Brain abnormalities
Scientists say the disorder is due to minor damage or changes to the brain (the brain and the cerebellum) during fetal development or low labor when the baby’s body is hypoxic. Premature labor (the child is still immature for proper breathing), pregnancy poisoning, or infections in the central nervous system also carry a high risk. However, in people with Dyslexia, brain dysfunction is so harmless that it allows the proper growth and development of a young organism.
However, there is no doubt that some regions of the brain function differently in dyslexic persons than in non-dyslexic persons. Changes in structure and operation have been observed, among others in the cerebellum and the temporal and parietal lobes.
The cerebellum is responsible for the automation of various activities. Thanks to him, among other parts of the brain, we efficiently ride a bike or ski. The cerebellum also controls eye movements and the eyesight movement from word to word and from ruler to ruler of text. It allows us to read silently – mentally assign letters to letters.
But, people with Dyslexia have difficulty automating the reading process because their cerebellum does not function properly. The neurons that make up this structure are malformed. Also, decreased blood flow was observed, and the cerebellum activity was weaker than that of non-dyslexic people.
As a result, a dyslexic child reads slowly and does not always understand what he has read. In the text, he omits lines, confuses similar sounds, e.g., “b” and “p,” put syllables incorrectly, loses or adds additional letters that “can jump from word to word.”
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